Tiny plastic particles—known as microplastics—are appearing in everything from seafood to salt, bottled water, and even the air we breathe. But what happens when these invisible invaders make their way into our bodies?
According to the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, we still don't know a lot. In fact, the journal highlights that there are "major knowledge gaps" when it comes to understanding the health risks microplastics pose to humans.
How Do Microplastics Enter the Human Body?
Humans are exposed to microplastics in several ways:
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Eating seafood and other contaminated food
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Drinking bottled or tap water
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Inhaling airborne microplastic dust
But the exact levels of exposure – and what long-term effects they might have – are still under research
What Could Happen Inside the Body?
Dr. Rachel Adams, a senior lecturer in Biomedical Science at Cardiff Metropolitan University, explains that ingesting microplastics could trigger several potentially harmful effects:
🔥 Inflammation
Microplastics may cause inflammation, a natural immune response that, if overactive, can damage healthy tissues and organs.
🛡️ Immune Reactions
Because microplastics are foreign to the body, they can provoke immune responses. While the body tries to defend itself, these reactions may result in unintended harm.
☠️ Toxic Carriers
Microplastics are especially concerning because they attract and bind with other harmful substances like:
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Toxic metals (e.g., mercury)
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Pesticides
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Dioxins – chemicals linked to cancer and developmental disorders
Once these toxin-loaded plastics enter the body, they may accumulate in fatty tissues, raising questions about long-term health consequences.
The Bottom Line
While scientists are still studying exactly how microplastics affect our health, the early signs are troubling. With plastic pollution so widespread, reducing our exposure – especially through diet and environment – is becoming more important than ever.
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